The Bucket List

Newton's bucket/Gemini

Isaac Newton's rotating bucket argument (also known as Newton's bucket) is a thought experiment that was designed to demonstrate that true rotational motion cannot be defined as the relative rotation of the body with respect to the immediately surrounding bodies. It is one of five arguments from the "properties, causes, and effects" of "true motion and rest" that support his contention that, in general, true motion and rest cannot be defined as special instances of motion or rest relative to other bodies, but instead can be defined only by reference to absolute space. Alternatively, these experiments provide an operational definition of what is meant by "absolute rotation", and do not pretend to address the question of "rotation relative to what?"[1] General relativity dispenses with absolute space and with physics whose cause is external to the system, with the concept of geodesics of spacetime.[2]

Force diagram for an element of water surface in co-rotating frame. Top: Radial section and selected point on water surface; the water, the co-rotating frame, and the radial section share a constant angular rate of rotation given by the vector Ω. Bottom: Force diagram at selected point on surface. The slope of the surface adjusts to make all three forces sum to zero.

Why all of this science? Well, because everything spins, especially black holes. 

A rotating black hole is a black hole that possesses angular momentum. All currently known celestial objects, including planets, stars (Sun), galaxies, and black holes, spin about one of their axes.[1][2][3]

In conclusion, when stars collapse, they collapse unevenly, which means ...  angular momentum, as stated before, rules so when a big rotating star meets its maker, it spins even faster when it shrinks down to the size of a black hole. 

This gyroscope remains upright while spinning
owing to the conservation of its angular momentum.

Again, why all this nonsense?

Well, it means we may be living inside a black hole.

The universe is less uniform than we thought—cosmology may need a radical rethink

by Marco Galoppo, Francesco Sylos Labini, The Conversation

What would cause this? A rotating universe, a spinning bucket of immense size as material becomes non uniform due to the rotation of the entity in question. The question to ask it, are researchers seeing this.
The answer is yes.

Figure 1.Spiral galaxies imaged by JWST that rotate in the same direction relative to the Milky Way (red) and in the opposite direction relative to the Milky Way (blue). The number of galaxies rotating in the opposite direction relative to the Milky Way as observed from Earth is far higher (Shamir 2024e).

In essence ...

Because black holes spin (McClintock et al. 2006; Mudambi et al. 2020; Reynolds 2021), a universe hosted inside of a black hole is also expected to spin. Therefore, it has been proposed that a universe located in the interior of a black hole should have an axis, and inherit the preferred direction of the host black hole (Popławski 2010; Seshavatharam 2010; Christillin 2014; Seshavatharam & Lakshminarayana 2020, 2021). Black hole cosmology is also linked to the theory of holographic universe (Susskind 1995; Bak & Rey 2000; Bousso 2002; Myung 2005; Hu & Ling 2006; Sivaram & Arun 2013; Shor, Benninger & Khrennikov 2021; Rinaldi et al. 2022).

To be continued :)

Click here for the paper.