Stitch by Stitch ...

Data from past proton-electron collisions provide strong evidence of entanglement among the proton’s sea of quarks (spheres) and gluons (squiggles), which may play an important role in their strong-force interactions. Credit: Valerie Lentz/Brookhaven National Laboratory

As stated often in BRT, everything's connected as entanglement, at the most fundamental level, has now been proven to exist when researchers discovered entanglement occurring in protons via quark/gluon interactions. This important discovery may also help show how time emerges as entanglement resides in every sub atomic particle inside every atom in the universe.  How cool is that? :)

A proton is composed of two up quarks, one down quark, and the gluons that mediate the forces "binding" them together. The color assignment of individual quarks is arbitrary, but all three colors must be present; red, blue and green are used as an analogy to the primary colors that together produce a white color.

A Feynman diagram showing the radiation of a gluon
when an electron and positron are annihilated.

Researchers at Brookhaven Lab discovered that quarks and gluons inside protons are entangled, reshaping the understanding of proton structure.

Using quantum information science, they validated theoretical predictions with collision data, paving the way for studies at the Electron-Ion Collider.

Peering Inside Protons With Quantum Science

Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory, along with their collaborators, have developed a novel method to explore the inner workings of protons. Using quantum information science, they analyze data from high-energy electron-proton collisions to map how particle tracks are shaped by quantum entanglement within the proton.

Their findings reveal that quarks and gluons—the fundamental particles that form a proton’s structure—experience quantum entanglement. This phenomenon, famously dubbed “spooky action at a distance” by Albert Einstein, allows particles to share information about their states, such as spin direction, even when separated. However, in protons, this entanglement happens at astonishingly small scales—less than one quadrillionth of a meter—and extends across the entire group of quarks and gluons within the proton.

Start Point ...